Thus, the history of life and the universe can be conceptualized as a (branching) sequence of MSTÍs, leading to ever more complex, adaptive, and intelligent systems: from atoms and molecules, to dissipative structures, cells, multicellular organisms, organisms capable of movement or learning, and finally to human culture (as the provisionally highest level). The major steps in evolution, such as the origin of life, multicellularity, or the origin of thought, can be viewed as large scale metasystem transitions. It thus provides a general principle to explain evolutionary "progress" or development. A metasystem transition functions as a "quantum of evolution", a discrete jump to a higher level of complexity. This concept was proposed by Turchin (1977) to describe the process whereby, through variation and natural selection, a new control level emerges, integrating a set of subsystems at the level below. 213 ThemeThe Principia Cybernetica philosophical framework is based on a core idea: the Metasystem Transition (MST). Klimov: Metasystem Transitions in Computer Science and Mathematics (rtf format)), p. Campbell: Selection of Organization at the Social Level: obstacles and facilitators of MST's), p. Moritz: Metasystems, Memes and Cybernetic Immortality), p. Charles François: An Integrative View of Meta System Transition), p.Jon Umerez & Alvaro Moreno: Origin of Life as the First Mst - Control Hierarchies and Interlevel Relation), p.Powers: The origins of purpose: the first metasystem transitions), p. Joslyn: Semantic ControlSystems (compressed postscript), p. Heylighen: (Meta)systems as Constraints on Variation: a classification and natural history of MST's), p. Turchin: A Dialogue on Metasystem Transition, p. Joslyn: Towards a theory of metasystem transitions: introduction to the special issue, p. 45:1-4, of " World Futures: the journal of general evolution). Toward a theory of metasystem transitions, ( Gordon and Breach Science Publishers, New York) (special issue, Vol. Special Issue on "The Quantum of Evolution"
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